Tuesday, August 21, 2007

G. N. Balasubramaniam (1910-1965) Biography


Biography

G.N. Baalasubramaniam - (1910-1965) It was festival in the Kapaleeswarar temple, Mylapore, Madras. The top artiste to give the concert of the day did not turn up and the temple authorities were in a quandry. They decided upon the substitute and proceeded to meet G.V.Narayanaswamy Ayyar, Head Master, Hindu High School, Triplicane to depute his young son, Balasubramaniam to take the concert. Narayanaswamy Ayyar could not comprehend the request and was as confounded as Dasaratha was when sage Viswamitra wanted him to depute his son Rama. The authorities pointed out that Ariyakudi Ramanuja Ayyangar shot into fame only in similar circumstances by ascending the dias when the senior Vidwan Madurai Pushpavanam failed to turn up and had never an occassion to look back.
The parallel thrilled the ear of the father. He acceded and the son gave the concert, a memorable debut in which his guru Madurai Subramaniam and Pudukottai Vakil K.Rajamani accompanied on violin and mridangam. Fame and glory crowned G.N.Balasubramaniam quite soon even as the eastern sun in summer shoots into the sky and spreads its floodlight with dynamic speed and no twilight. Balasubramaniam was born on January 6, 1910 at Gudalur in Mayiladuthurai taluk. He studied in the Wesley College while learning music under his father, a disciple of Karur Chinnaswamy Ayyar and under Madurai Subramania Ayyar. He obtained his B.A. (Hons.) in 1929.
GNB, as he was popularly known, was a top vocalist of repute in a period which had seen fairly a large number of top-ranking musicians. His bracing, resonant and impressive voice and his special style rich with brisk brikas and pleasing delivery of kritis was a satisfying and thrilling experience to the vast concourse of admirers. His unique style, regulated tempo and masterly delivery were the delights of the audience. His melifluous voice would traverse the three octaves and the three 'kalas' with ease. His brikas were infectious and he kept his ears and mind open to receive what was best in other musicians. He had high respect for Ariyakudi Ramanuja Ayyangar, the senior artiste of eminence. He had a partiality for Todi, Kalyani and Kamboji and for Andolika, Nalinakanti, Vasantabairavi, Jothiswarupini, etc. His disciple, Trichur V.Ramachandran states that his master's style was essentially of a madhyamakala which sustained the interest of the audience. His command of ragalakshanas was amazing revealing the quintessence of the ragas at the very outset. His singing was crisp and 'sangatis' measured.
GNB was one of the prominent composers of recent decades. Out of his 250 compositions in sanskrit, Telugu and Tamil in traditional and his own invented ragas like Chandrahasita, Sivasakti, Amrita Behag, etc., sixty had been published. A gentleman with humility as he was, he would not sing his own compositions in concerts. His respect for values was prodigious. He would return the nominal honoraria he got from the Music Academy as donation. A further feature of his concerts was that he would review the performances of his accompanists and his own. His joy would be immense at the excellence of others. He had a soft heart for rising artistes. His anxiety to satisfy the susceptibilities of the audience was immense.
Even as a boy, he had taken part in musical and dramatic activities in the Hindu High School which he joined in the sixth standard. Later he took the lead role of Dushyant in the famous Tamil film 'Sakuntala' in which another great musician, M.S.Subbulakshmi was the heroine. He had played the role of 'Narada' in the films Bhama Vijayam and Sathi Anasuya. Udayanan, Vasavadatha is another film in which he had acted. He was also pleased with the rendition of Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan that he became an ardent devotee of Khan.

Before he actually made his mark as an vocalist, Mani got a chance to practice to the accompaniment of mridangam. This helped him a lot and taught him many useful bits about mridangam technique which he could make use of in his concert.

Very many of the earlier performances of the few early years were at some friends’ house parties, college functions etc. A performance was arranged by one of his admirers a well-wisher in Theosophical Society, Adyar under the world famous Banyan Tree (which has been there for centuries and ever green) Srimathi Rukmani Devi Arundale was the patroness of the occasion. Her appreciation and applause were noticed by the press representatives present on the occasion and they gave a glowing report of the concert in the next day dailies and that meant G N Balasubramaniam had arrived and the road to name, fame and fortune were open to him.

He could produce super fast gamakam laden sangathis with strength and weight and with great imagination. But,in such a voice of his, running at so fast a speed the effects of Brighas, twists and turns would come in quick succession that most of the audience, the lay audiences failed to appreciate and felt restless, those with a musical ear, sure knew some of the nuances but this is loss to the lay audience, of course, and also a loss to the musician that his great achievements pass unnoticed.

So, Mani,to overcome this, in coming years had restricted the speed, ideally suited to his voice at the same time easily followed by the audience. Thus, his style of Raga elaboration, rendering of standard kritis in the classic traditions and apt swaraprasthana endeared him to the average music hall audience as well as to the knowledgeable musically trained critical audience of his time.

He had taught and groomed during his active years number of his disciples to reach the top grade and among them are Radha Jayalakshmi, M. L. Vasant hakumari, Trichur V. Ramachandran, S.Kalyanaraman.

Mani was persuaded by his friends and admirers to act in a film called "Bhama Vijayam". Later he acted with the celebrated musician M. S. Subbalakshmi in Sakunthala as Dushyantha.

Apart from being a great vocalist, GNB also composed sevaral krithis. Unfortunately his life was cut short and he pass away in the prime of his musicianship at the age of just 55.

Compositions:
AMBORUHA PAADAME (VARNAM) - RANJANIBHAARAMAA EE BAALUNI - HAMSANAADAMBHUVANATRAYA SAMMOHANAKARA - MOHANAMEN MANATTAAMARAI - REETIGOWLAENTO MORALIDA LEDAA - KANNADAGATI VEREVARAMMAA - BHAIRAVIINTA PARAAKU NEEVE - BHAIRAVIKAMALAASINI SUNDARI - KALYAANIKAMALA CARANE - AMRITA BEHAAGKANAVILUM KAMALA - SHREE RANJANIKAARANAMEMI KAANANE - AANDOLIKAAKARIMUKHA VARADAA - NAATTAIKARUNA JOODA RAADAA - SAHAANAAKAVALAI ELLAM - SARASWATIKUVALAYAAKSHHI KUSHALAM (VARNAM) - KATANAKUTOOHALAMMADHURAAPURI KALYAANI - POORVI KALYAANIMAMA KULESHWARAM - TODIMANASAARAKANE NAMMAKA - AABHOGIMAARAKOTI SUNDARI - BAHUDAARIMARAVANU NE NINNU - AARABIMARIVERE GATI NAAKEVARU - MAALAVIMOHANA KRSNA - KATANAKUTOOHALAMNAA MORALANU - NAARAAYANINAAKABHAYA VARAMOSAGI - NAATTAI KURINJINANNU BROVA NEE - SHENJUKAAMBHOJINEE ALLAAL INI - KAANADAANEE DAYARAADAA (VARNAM) - AANDOLIKAANEE CARANAMBUJAMUNU - KEERAVAANINEE DAYA GALGUNO - SHANMUGAPRIYAANEE PAADAME - NALINAKAANTINEE SAMAANAMEVARU - SHUBHAPANTUVARAALININNU POGADA - KUNTALA VARAALININNU VINAA VEREVARU - MAALAVINIRATAMUGAA NINNE - UDAYA RAVI CANDRIKAANIRAVADHI SUKHA DAAYAKI - MALAYAMAARUTAMPAADA BHAJANA - KAMAASPADA MALARINAIYE - BEGADAPARAAMUKHAMELA NAMMA - KAANADAAPARAMAKRUPAA SAAGARI - YADUKULA KAAMBHOJIPARITAAPAMULEKA - SHANMUGAPRIYAAPORUMAIYAI IZHAINDEN - SIMHENDRA MADHYAMAMRANJANI NIRANJANI - RANJANISAAMAGAANA LOLE - HINDOLAMSADAA PAALAYA - MOHANAMSAMAANA RAHITE - SAARANGA TAARANGINISANTATAMU NINNE - VALACISARASWATI NAMOSTUTE - SARASWATISHANKARA MAHAADEVA - DEVA MANOHARISHIVAANANDA KAAMAVARDHANI - KAAMAVARDHANISHREE CAKRARAAJA NILAYE - SHIVASHAKTITAAMASAMIKA TAALANU - AABHOGIUNNADIYE GATI - BAHUDAARIVADARERAMMA NEE PAADA - SAAVERIVARADA NIPUNA - POORNACANDRIKAAVARA VALLABHA - HAMSADWANI

Thursday, August 16, 2007

Jayachamaraja Wodeyar (1919 - 1974) Biography and Works


Biography


Jayachamaraja Wodeyar was one of the rare Kings who was also an important musicologist and composer. Perhaps he was following the example set by Travancore king - composer Swati Tirunal and the last Mughal emperor - ghazal poet Bahadur Shah Zafar .

Jayachamaraja Wodeyar was born in Mysore on 18th July, 1919 as the son of Kanteerava Narasimharaja Wodeyar. He received traing from ashtana vidhwans in all arts and sciences. Mysore kings were great patrons of art and music. They had in their court great musicians from all over India, both Carnatic and Hindustani.

Jayachamaraja Wodeyar ascended to the throne in 1940, after the death of Chamaraja Wodeyar IV and ruled till 1950, when he handed over the state to the Indian republic, ending 550 years of Wodeyar rule. But, he continued to be the constitutional head of Mysore state as the Raja Pramukh (1950-56), till the post was abolished. He was then the first governor of Mysore state (1956-65) and also Madras state (1964-67).

As a great patron of music, he had several artists in his court - Tiger VaradachariarMysore Vasudevachar, Muthaiah Bhagavathar, Gotuvadyam Narayana Iyengar and Ariyakudi Ramanuja Iyengar. Jayachamaraja Wodeyar composed about 90 krithi-s in Sanskrit, some in rare raaga-s like Bhogavasanta, Durvangi. He had great interest in western music too. He was the recipient of D.Lit from Queensland University, Australia, Doctor of Law from Banaras University, and D.Lit from Annamalai University. He was honorary Fellow of Trinity College of Music, London, in the year 1945.

Mudra: Shrividhya

Genre Carnatic: Krithi, Varna

Languages used:
Sanskrit

Compositions:

Ambujakshi Simhavahini Rupaka Krithi
Balakrishnam Nilaveni Adi Krithi
Bhajare mohana Bhanuchandrika Rupaka Krithi
Bhooribhagyalahari Pratapavarali Adi Krithi
Brahmananda valaye Maand Triputa Krithi
Chintayami Jagadambha Hindolam Adi Krithi
Chinthaye sada Sindhuramakriya Adi Krithi
Chintyami santhanama Varunapriya Adi Krithi
Devi Jadambika Vasantha Bhairavi Khanda Jhampa Krithi
Devi Sri Meenakshi Chakravakam Triputa Krithi
Gam Ganapathi Durvangi Triputa Krithi
Gamganapathe sada Nagasvaravali Adi Krithi
Kamakshi pahi mam Shivakambodi Khanda Triputa Krithi
Kshirasagara Mayamalavagaula Dhruva Krithi
Manavathim Kokilapriya Adi Krithi
Matanga kanyam Sudha Thodi Khanda Triputa Krithi
Mrithunjayam Ragavardhini Triputa Krithi
Nadarupini vandeham Kokilapanchamam Adi Krithi
Nagalinga Maheswaram Sankarabharanam Rupaka Krithi
Neelakantam Mahadevam Purvikalyani Misra Triputa Krithi
Pahi mam Supradeepa Adi Krithi
Pahimam Sitarama Hindola Desika Adi Krithi
Pahimam Sri Jayasamavardhani Khanda Triputa Krithi
Pahimam Sri Parameswari Hindola Durbar Rupaka Krithi
Paripahi mam Subhapanthuvarali Adi Krithi
Rajarajeswarim Balachandrika Khanda Triputa Krithi
Saraswathim bhagavathim Hamsavinodhini Khanda Chapu Krithi
Sri Chakrapurvasini Sudha Lalitha Adi Krithi
Sri Gayatri Gamanasrama Druva Krithi
Sri Jalandhara masrayamyaham Gambhiranatta Adi Krithi
Sri Nagalingam Vachaspathi Jhampa Krithi
Sri Ranganathani Kalyanavasantham Jhampa Krithi
Sri vidya lalitham Nadabrahma Adi Krithi
Sri Vidyamodini Kokilabhashini Tisra Triputa Krithi
Sri Vidyapati Lalitha Panchamam Adi Krithi
Srichamundeswari Kannada Adi Krithi
Srilalitham maha Nagadhvani Khanda Triputa Krithi
Suranandinee Suranandini Adi Krithi
Suvarnangi Suvarnangi Misra Jhampa Krithi
Swaminatha palaya Charukesi Triputa Krithi
Vandeham Sive Kathanakuthuhalam Matya Krithi
Vandehamsada Hamsanatini Adi Krithi
Vijayatam sagare Vishwambhari Triputa Krithi
Vimalambike paripahim Vijayavasantha Adi Krithi

Papanasam Shivan (1890 - 1973) Biography and Works

Biography

Papanasam Shivan is the most important Carnatic Composer in Tamil. He has composed over two thousand songs in seventy five raaga-s. He is known as Tamil Thyagaraja.

Papanasam Shivan was born in 1890 in Polaham, Tanjavur district. His real name was Polagam Ramaiah. His father passed away very early, forcing his mother to move to Thiruvananthapuram. Papanasam Shivan studied Sanskrit at Maharajah's college. His musical training was mostly informal. He was guided and influenced by Neelakanta Sivan and Konerirajapuram Vaidyanatha Iyer. The limited formal training he had was from Samba Bhagavatar and Mahadeva Bhagavatar. He also never had any formal training in Tamil.

He was a teacher at Kalakshetra for sometime. During that time he got a big break and started working for the Tamil music indutry. About 800 of his compositions would be for the film industry. He is perhaps the only Carnatic composer to have so extensively worked for the film industry. Papanasam Shivan's carnatic compositions were mostly spontaneous and noted down by others. His compositions were mostly in Tamil, even though he has some Sanskrit compositions. In 1972 he was awarded, belatedly, Sangeetha Kalanidhi by Madras Music academy.


Mudra: Ramadasan


Genre Carnatic: Krithi, Varna, Thillana


Languages used: Tamil, Sanskrit


Compositions:


Composition
Raaga-Taala-Type


abhayAmbikA ramaNa
shankarAbharaNa-Adi-krithi


adbhuta lIlaigaLai
madhyamAvati-Adi-krithi


aDimai ennai
mukhAri-rUpaka-krithi


aDimai mEl
nATa-Adi-krithi


aDimaiyin uLLa (kaNNigaL)
vasantA-Adi-krithi


aDimalariNai
paraju-Adi-krithi


aDittAlum unai
nATa-Adi-krithi


ADiya pAdattai
kAmavardhini-Adi-krithi


ADum deivam
kAmbhOji-Adi-krithi


AduvOm vArungaL
kEdAra-Adi-krithi


aiyA nin
bilahari-Adi-krithi


aiyan tiruvaDiyai
rAgam: pUrvikalyANi-Adi-krithi


aiyappanai paNivOm
Arabhi-Adi-krithi


akhilANDa nAyaki
shankarAbharaNa-Adi-krithi


akhilANDeshvari
shri-Adi-krithi


aLavilAda Anandam
bhairavi-Adi-krithi


aLavillaiyE
mukhAri-dEshAdi-krithi


amalE amarargaL (bhajan)
kuntalavarALi-Adi-krithi


ambA manam
kAmavardhini-Adi-krithi


ambA un mEl
behAg-Adi-krithi

ambA un pAdam
gambhIranATa-Adi-krithi


ambA unaiyE
shankarAbharaNa-dEshAdi-krithi


Ananda naTamADum ayyan
shuddhadhanyAsi-rUpaka-krithi


Ananda naTamiDum
kEdAragauLa-Adi-krithi


Anandabhairavi anaiyum
Anandabhairavi-Adi-krithi


AnandamE paramAnandamE
kAmbhOji-Adi-krithi


anbilaiyE
khamAs-rUpaka-krithi


ANDavan anbE shakti
shivaranjani-Adi-krithi


ANDavan nIyE
mAyAmALavagauLa-Adi-krithi


ANDavanai nambu
sAma-Adi-krithi


ANDavanE unai
SaNmukhapriya-rUpaka-krithi


anjalenrE
rAgam: bilahari-Adi-krithi

annaiyin kAlil
rAgamAlikA-Adi-krithi


annaiyum tandaiyum
kApi-Adi-krithi


anudinamunai
madhyamAvati-Adi-krithi


appan avataritta
kharaharapriyA-Adi-krithi


appanum ammaiyum
aThANA-Adi-krithi


AraNa poruLE
dEvagAndhAri-Adi-krithi


AraNamum Agamum
kharaharapriyA-jhampa-krithi


aruL puri
sarasvati-Adi-krithi


arumukhA
shuddhasAvEri-Adi-krithi


aruT-tivilai
rAgam: husEni-Adi-krithi


attaruNam
bhairavi-Adi-krithi


avAng manasa
cakravAka-Adi-krithi


bAla pAhi
nIlAmbari-Adi-krithi


bAlakrSNa mAm pAhi
sAvEri-Adi-krithi


bAlakrSNan
dhanyAsi-rUpaka-krithi


bAlasubramaNya
kEdAragauLa-rUpaka-krithi


bhAgavatOttama
behAg-Adi-krithi


bhajanai sheivAi
behAg-Adi-krithi


bhajanai sheivOm
naTabhairavi-Adi-krithi


bhArata mAtA
naTabhairavi-Adi-krithi


bhArata puNya bhUmi
kuntalavarALi-Adi-krithi


bhUmiyil mAniDa (kaNNigaL)
sindhubhairavi-Adi-krithi


bhuvana patI
kAmbhOji-Adi-krithi


bhuvanEshvari pAdam
bEgaDa-rUpaka-krithi


bhuvanEshvari pughal
maNirangu-dEshAdi-krithi


bOdhendra gurumUrti
pUrvikalyANi-Adi-krithi


cAmuNDEshvari
sAvEri-Adi-krithi


candra kalAvatam
shankarAbharaNa-Adi-krithi


caraNa pankajam
mAyAmALavagauLa-cApu-krithi


caraNAmbujam
shuddhasAvEri-Adi-krithi


cidambara nAthA
hEmavati-Adi-krithi


cintai teLindu
kalyANi-rUpaka-krithi


cittam irangAdEnaiyyA
shahAnA-cApu-krithi


daNDapANi padam
rAgaA: maNirangu-Adi-krithi


dasharatAtmajam
pUrvikalyANi-rUpaka-krithi


dayAnidhE jAnakIpatE
nATa-Adi-krithi


dayAparan shankaran
kharaharapriyA-Adi-krithi


dayavillaiyA dayALO
kharaharapriyA-Adi-krithi


deivam tuNai
SaNmukhapriyA-Adi-krithi


dEsha sEvai
mAND-Adi-krithi


dEva dEvanai
cenjuruTTi-rUpaka-krithi


dEvadEvan pAdam
khamAs-Adi-krithi


dEvi nin
bEgaDa-Adi-krithi


dEvi nIyE
kIravANi-Adi-krithi


dEvi pAdam
tODi-Adi-krithi


dEvI shrI
kalyANi-Adi-krithi


dEvi undan
mukhAri-Adi-krithi

dharma samvardhani
nATakuranji-Adi-krithi


dhIm tarana (tillAnA)
SaNmukhapriyA-Adi-krithi


dhyAnamE enadu
kApi-Adi-krithi


dikku vErillai
varALi-Adi-krithi


dinam IdE
bhUpALa-Adi-krithi


durgAlakSmi
Arabhi-Adi-krithi


ellAm avan sheyal
tODi-cApu-krithi


ellAm brahmamayam
behAg-Adi-krithi


en manam
simhEndramadhyam-Adi-krithi


enadu manam
harikAmbhOji-Adi-krithi


enadu uLLamE
cenjuruTi-rUpaka-krithi


enda vidam
mukhAri-jhampa-krithi


endai gOvindan
bilahari-Adi-krithi


engum niraindirukkum
kurinji-Adi-krithi


enna sheidAlum
kharaharapriyA-Adi-krithi


enna tavam
kApi-Adi-krithi


ennai kAttaruLvadu
hEmavati-Adi-krithi


ennai shOdanai
kalyANi-cApu-krithi


ennai viTTODAdEDA
mOhana-Adi-krithi

ennALum inda
rAgAmukhAri-Adi-krithi


Enunakkinnum
kApi-Adi-krithi


gajavadana
shrIranjani-Adi-krithi


gAna rasamuDan
bEgaDa-rUpaka-krithi


gaNapatiyE karuNAnidhiyE
kharaharapriyA-Adi-krithi


gAndhijiyAi
hamsadhvani-Adi-krithi


gAndhiyai pOloru
cenjuruTi-Adi-krithi


gangai aNi
tODi-mishra Eka-krithi


garbhavAsam ariyAda
hamsadhvani-Adi-krithi


gati nIyE
sahAnA-Adi-krithi


gati udavum
RAgamAlika-jhampa-krithi


gaurImanOhara
gaurimanOari-Adi-krithi


gOkulam yamunai
dEs-Adi-krithi


gOmati tAyE
yadukulakAmbhOji-Adi-krithi


gOpAla sajjana
dhanyAsi-Adi-krithi


gOpAlanE deivamAm
khamAs-Adi-krithi


grahangaLim
bhairavi-Adi-krithi


guruvAyUrappA
cakravAka-Adi-krithi


haranE innum
karnATakabehAg-Adi-krithi


iDadu padam
khamAs-Adi-krithi


iDaiyarAdun
sahAnA-Adi-krithi


iddaraNiyil
bEgaDa-cApu-krithi


ihaparamenum iru
simhEndramadhyam-Adi-krithi


illai enra
kharaharapriyA-tisra Adi-krithi


inbamenbadu
kAnaDA-Adi-krithi


inda parAmukhamA
mAyAmALavagauLa-rUpaka-krithi


indrajAla (kaNNigaL)
kAmavardhini-Adi-krithi


Ini oru kaNam
shrIranjani-rUpaka-krithi


IshananbAr
kApi-rUpaka-krithi


IshanE inda
cakravAka-rUpaka-krithi


jAnakIpatE
kharaharapriyA-Adi-krithi


jaya bhErikai
kAmbhOji-Adi-krithi


jaya jaya guhA
shuddhadhanyAsi-Adi-krithi


jaya vijayIbhava
mAND-Adi-krithi


jaya vIra
paraju-Adi-krithi


jaya viTThala
bilahari-rUpaka-krithi


jE paNDarIsha
sOhini-Adi-krithi


jnAna sabhaiyil
sArangA-cApu-krithi


jyOti mayamAna (kaNNIgaL)
kuriniji-Adi-krithi


kaDaikkaN nOkki
tODi-Adi-krithi

kaDaikkaN pArvai
khamAs-Adi-krithi


kAdali rAdhaiyai
kharaharapriyA-Adi-krithi


kaDalil amizhndiDuvOm
maNirangu-Adi-krithi


kadir kAma
kAmbhOji-tisra tripuTa-krithi


kai koDuttALaiyyA
bEgaDa-Adi (2 kaLai)-krithi


kailAsacala vAsA
hindOLa-Adi-krithi


kaimmAru sheivaduNDO
kEdAragauLa-Adi-krithi


kAl mAri ADum
dEvamanOhari-dEshAdi-krithi


kali tIrumO
tODi-dEshAdi-krithi


kallAda Ezhai
sAvEri-Adi-krithi


kalpakAmbikA
harikAmbhOji-Adi-krithi


kalpakAmbikai nI
behAg-rUpaka-krithi


kalpakAmbikai uNDu
shuddhasAvEri-khaNDa jhampa-krithi


kalpakAmbikaiyin
rAgam: latAngi-Adi-krithi


kalpakAmbikE shrI
bhairavi-rUpaka-krithi


kalyANi karuNAnidhi
KalyANi-Adi-krithi


kAmAkSi gauri
sAvEri-Adi-krithi


kamala malaridazh
kalyANi-Adi-krithi


kamalAmbA anaiyE
shankarAbharaNa-Adi-krithi


kamalappada malariNai
harikAmbOji-Adi-krithi

kAmAntakA
kApi-Adi-krithi


kAmattai jayikkAdavan
dhanyAsi-cApu-krithi


kAmEshvarA
kalyANi-dEshAdi-krithi


kan manam
surAti-Adi-krithi


kANa Aval
mOhana-Adi-krithi


kANa vENDAmO
shrIranjani-rUpaka-krithi


kANa virumbum
mukhAri-Adi-krithi


kanaka sabhaiyai
hindustAnikApi-rUpaka-krithi


kANakkaN kOTi
kAmbOji-Adi-krithi


kandA vandaruL
AbhEri-Adi-krithi


kanindaruL
kalyANi-tisra Adi-krithi


kanja malaraDi
shankarAbaraNa-Adi-krithi


kaNNA kAttaruL
madhyamAvati-Adi-krithi


kaNNan madhura idazhai
bhImpalAs-Adi-krithi


kaNNan mALigaikkE
aThANA-Adi-krithi


kaNNanai paNi
SaNmukhapriyA-Adi-krithi


kaNNE en kaNmaiyE
kurinji-tisra Adi-krithi


kAntimati annai
kAnaDA-cApu-krithi


kapAli irukka
sAvEri-khanDa jhampa-krithi


kapAli karuNai nidhi
hamsadhvani-Adi-krithi

kApAli karuNai nilavu
mOhana-Adi-krithi


kapAlIshanE
khamAs-Adi-krithi


kAriruLokka
kharharapriyA-Adi-krithi


karpaka manOhara
malayamAruta-khaNDa jhampa-krithi


karpaka vallI
ragamAlikA-Adi-krithi


karpaka valliyin
Arabhi-Adi-krithi


karpakAmbikE
bilahari-rUpaka-krithi


karpakamE
madhyamAvati-Adi-krithi


kArtikEya gAngEya
tODi-Adi-krithi


karuNA nidhiyE
bauLi-tisra tripuTa-krithi


karuNai puri
tODi-Adi-krithi


karuNai sheivAi
hamsadhvani-dEshAdi-krithi


karuNai varumO
cArukEsi-Adi-krithi


karuNakaranE shiva
kIravANi-Adi-krithi


karuNAnidhiyE
kuntalavarALi-Adi-krithi


karuNAnidhiyE kaDaikkaN
kuntalavarALi-Adi-krithi


konjam dayai
shankarAbharaNa-cApu-krithi


kOsalai pudalvanai
rAgamAlikA-Adi-krithi


krSNA mukundA
navarOj-Adi-krithi


krSNa nAma
behAg-dEshAdi-krithi

kSIra sAgara shAyi
pUrvikalyANi-Adi-krithi

kulakkoDi tazhaikka
rAmapriyA-Adi-krithi

kumaran tAL
yadukulakAmbhOji-Adi-krithi

kumaran tiruvaDi
yamunAkalyANi-Adi-krithi

kuncita pAdam
kAmbhOji-Adi-krithi

kunram kuDi
tODi-Adi-krithi

kUvi azhaikka
sindhubhairavi-Adi-krithi

mA dayai
vasantA-Adi-krithi

mA padAmbOruham
kuntaLavarALi-Adi-krithi

mA ramaNan
hindOLa-rUpaka-krithi

mAdhava bhuviyadil
shankarAbharaNa-Adi-krithi

mAdhava mAyA
hamsAnandi-Adi-krithi

mahA prabhO
Arabhi-Adi-krithi

mahAdEva paramashiva
shuddhasImantini-Adi-krithi

mahAlakSmi jaganmAtA
shankarAbaraNa-cApu-krithi

mahAtmA gAndhi
maNirangu-Adi-krithi

mahimai ariya
mAyAmALavagauLa-Adi-krithi

mahiSAsuramadani
kannaDa-Adi-krithi

mAl marugA
vasantA-Adi-krithi

mAlai shUTTuvEn
rAgamAlika-Adi-krithi

malariNai
rItigauLa-rUpaka-krithi

manakkurangu
AbhOgi-Adi-krithi

manamE kaNamum
bhImpalAs-Adi-krithi

manamE nI
kuntalavarALi-Adi-krithi

manamenum malarAl
mAyAmALavagauLa-Adi-krithi

mangaLa nAyaki maDa
tODi-Adi-krithi

mangaLa nAyaki malaraDi
navarasakannaDa-Adi-krithi

mangaLam aruL
shrI-rUpaka-krithi

mAniDa janmam
khamAs-rUpaka-krithi

mArajanaka
rAgamAlikA-Adi-krithi

mariyAdai tAnO
dhanyAsi-Adi-krithi

marundaLittaruLvAi
gauLa-Adi-krithi

mAtA innum vAtA
shrIranjani-Adi-krithi

mAtA InrameyyA
shuddhasAvEri-Adi-krithi

mAtA tuNai
kAnadDA-Adi-krithi

mAyam EdO
mAyAmALavagauLa-Adi-krithi

mAyAvatAra madhusUdanA
kAmbhOji-Adi-krithi

mayil vAhanA
mOhana-Adi-krithi

mayil vAhanE
KalyANi-Adi-krithi

mayilApuriyil
bhairavi-cApu-krithi


mOhana krSNA
suraTi-Adi-krithi

mOhana muraLIdharA
cenjuruTi-Adi-krithi

mOhana shrngAra
mOhana-Adi-krithi

mUlAdhAra mUrti
hamsadhvani-Adi-krithi

muraLIdhara mana
nAgasvarAvaLi-Adi-krithi

murugA muzhumadi
sAvEri-Adi-krithi

muruganai bhaji
jOnpuri-Adi-krithi

muruganai nI anudinamum
kannaDa-Adi-krithi

nAda praNava
shuddhasAvEri-Adi-krithi

nam nADu
shuddhasAvEri-Adi-krithi

nAma bhajarE
mANd-Adi-krithi

nAma dhyAnam
rItigauLa-Adi-krithi

nAma ghOSam
Anandabhairavi-Adi-krithi

nAmam uravu
darbAr-Adi-krithi

nAman onrE
kharaharapriyA-Adi-krithi

nambik-keTTavar
hindOLa-Adi-krithi

nambinadu kuTramA
hamsadhvani-Adi-krithi

nambum anbarai
shrIranjani-Adi-krithi

nanganallUr
Anandabhairavi-Adi-krithi

nAnoru viLayATTu
navarasakannaDa-Adi-krithi

nArAyaNa divya
mOhanam-Adi-krithi

nArAyaNa naLinAyata
sAma-Adi-krithi

naTana sabhApatiyE
nATakuranji-Adi-krithi

naTanam enbadu
vasantA-Adi-krithi

naTarAjan un tiru
vasantA-Adi-krithi

naTarAjO vijayatE
vasantA-khaNDjAti aTa-krithi

nAthan tAL
hamIrkalyANi-tisra Eka-krithi

nekkurugi
AbhOgi-Adi-krithi

nenjE kalpaka
shudhdhasImantini-Adi-krithi

nI aruL puriya
kIravANi-tripuTa-krithi

nI gatiyaladu
bhairavi-Adi-krithi

nI inda mAyam (padavarNam)
dhanAysi-Adi-krithi

nI irangAyenil
aThANA-Adi-krithi

nijamunnai
bilahari-jhampa-krithi

nIlAmbari jagadIshvari
nIlAmbari-Adi-krithi

nin aruL
kAmavardhini-rUpaka-krithi

nin caraNa malarE
simEndramadhyam-cApu-krithi

ninai manamE
anandabhairavi-rUpaka-krithi

ninaindurugum aDiyAr
kharaharapriyA-Adi-krithi

ninaindurugum enai
suraTi-Adi-krithi

nityAnandam aLikkum (kaNNigaL)
nAdanAmakriyA-Adi-krithi

nIyE parAmukhamAyin
hamsanAda-Adi krithi

nIyE pEdai
kAmavardhini-Adi-krithi

nIyE sharaN
kAmbhOji-Adi-krithi

O shiva param
paraju-Adi-krithi

OhO en tOzhargaL
sindhubhairavi-rUpaka-krithi

oru varam
kalyANi-Adi-krithi

pada malariNai
sAvEri-Adi-krithi

padam nambinEn
kalyANi-Adi-krithi

pAdamalar tuNaiyE
harikAmbhOji-cApu-krithi

padamalarE gatiyena
mAyAmALavagauLa-rUpaka-krithi

pAdamalarE tanjam
kEdAra-Adi-krithi

pAdamE tuNai
valaji-Adi-krithi

pADap-pADa
kAmbhOji-Adi-krithi

padari manamayarndu
sAvEri-Adi-krithi

pADi aluttEn
kuntaLavarALi-Adi-krithi

padmanAbha mAm pAhi
kalyANi-dEshAdi-krithi

padumanAbhan marugA
nAgasvarAvaLi-Adi-krithi

pAhi mInalOcani
bilahari-Adi-krithi

pAlanai purivadOr
darbAr-Adi-krithi

pAmAlaikkiNai uNDO
harikAmbhOji-Adi-krithi

pANDuranga prabhuvE
kApi-Adi-krithi

para deivam
pUrvikalyANi-Adi-krithi

para dEvataiyE
cakravAka-Adi-krithi

paradEvatE padam
maNirangu-dEshAdi-krithi

parama puruSan
nAgasvarAvaLi-Adi-krithi

parAmukham EnayyA
kharaharapriyA-Adi-krithi

parAmukham tagumO
mukhAri-Adi-krithi

parAshakti janani
hamsadvani-Adi-krithi

parashu pANi
paraju-Adi-krithi

parAtpara parameshvara
vAcaspati-dEshAdi-krithi

pAril nalvazhi
tODi-Adi-krithi

paripAlanai puri
hEmavati-Adi-krithi

parpala
khamAs (paN)-rUpaka-krithi

pArulagil uzhanru (kaNNigaL)
mOhana-Adi-krithi

pArvati nAyakanE
SaNmukhapriyA-Adi-krithi

pati avanE
cenjuruTTi-Adi-krithi

pati padam
shankarAbharaNa-Adi-krithi

patita pAvana
tODi-Adi-krithi

pavana tanaya
kAmbhOji-Adi-krithi


pazhani appan
simhEndramadhyam-Adi-krithi

pErAnandam
rItigauLa-Adi-krithi

piccaikku vandIrO
suraTi-Adi-krithi

piravA varam
latAngi-Adi-krithi

piravi adanAl
shahAnA-adi-krithi

pizhai poruttaruLvAi
husEni-cApu-krithi

pollAp-puliyinum
mAyAmALavagauLa-madhyAdi-krithi

pOvOm vArIr
shankarAbharaNa-rUpaka-krithi

purakkavE avatarittAn
kalyANi-Adi-krithi

rAdhA mukha kamala
hindustAnikApi-Adi-krithi

rAjagOpAla
tODi-rUpaka-krithi

rAjan mahArAjan
husEni-Adi-krithi

rAmA idu
kalyANi-Adi-krithi

rAma nAma amrta
khamAs-Adi-krithi

rAmacandran malaraDi
kalyANi-Adi-krithi

rAmam bhajata
shrI-Adi-krithi

rAmanai bhajittAl
mANd-Adi-krithi

ranganai tudippOrkku
cakaravAka-Adi-krithi

sA sabhA
hamsadhvani-rUpaka-krithi

sadAshiva kumArA
shuddhasAvEri-Adi-krithi

sAdhu janangaLai
sAvEri-Adi-krithi

sakala bhuvana
kEdAra-rUpaka-krithi

sakala lOka
latAngi-Adi-krithi

sAmagAna lOlanE
hindOLa-Adi-krithi

sAmajavara
madhyamAvati-Adi-krithi

sAmbashivA enrE
kIravANi-Adi-krithi

sAnandAntaranga
simhEndramadhyam-Adi-krithi

sangIta trimUrtigaLai
kEdAragauLa-Adi-krithi

sArasa pUmpAdam
behAg-Adi-krithi

sarasvati annaiyE
kharaharapriyA-Adi-krithi

sarasvati dayai
sarasvati-Adi-krithi

sarvalOka sharaNya
nAdanAmakriyA-Adi-krithi

sarvEshA aDimaiyai
bilahari-Adi-krithi

saundarya veLLam
mOhana-Adi-krithi

shambhO sadAshiva
shuddhasAvEri-Adi-krithi

shambhO umApatE
kAmavardhini-Adi-krithi

shankara dayAkarA
harikAmbhOji-khaNDa cApu-krithi

shankara purahara
vasantA-Adi-krithi

shankarai dayAkarI
bEgaDA-Adi-krithi

shankaranai paNI manamE
nAdanAmakriyA-Adi-krithi

shAradE vINA vAdana
dEvagAndhAri-Adi-krithi

sharaNam aiyappA
mukhAri-cApu-krithi

sharavaNabhava guhanE
kannaDa-Adi-krithi

sharavaNabhava guhanE
madhyamAvati-Adi-krithi

shendil ANDavan
kharaharapriyA-rUpaka-krithi

shendil vaLar (kaNNigaL)
khamAs-tisra Adi-krithi

shikkal mEviya
kAmbOji-rUpaka-krithi

shiridEnum
bhairavi-khaNDa jhampa-krithi

shiridum kavalaippaDAdE
kharaharapriyA-Adi-krithi

shiva perumAn
suraTi-Adi-krithi

shivagangA
punnAgvarALi-Adi-krithi

shivakAma sundari
mukhAri-Adi-krithi

shivAya namavenrE
kuntalavarALi-Adi-krithi

shOdanai shumaikka
kApi-Adi-krithi

shOdanai tagAdayyA
kharaharapriyA-Adi-krithi

shollu pAppA
mukhAri-adi-krithi

shrI gaNapatiyE
dEvamanOhari-Adi-krithi

shrI gaNEsha
tilang-Adi-krithi

shrI harE
mAyAmALavagauLa-Adi-krithi

shrI harE krSNa
nATa-Adi-krithi

shrI harE nArAyaNa
mAyAmALavagauLa-Adi-krithi

shrI jagadambikaiyE
latAngi-rUpaka-krithi

shrI mahA
kAmavardhini-Adi-krithi

shrI padmanAbhA
kEdAragauLa-Adi-krithi

shrI rAdhA
behAg-rUpaka-krithi

shrI rAma jayamangaLam
suraTi-Adi-krithi

shrI rAma nAma
aThANA-Adi-krithi

shrI rAmabhadrA
suraTi-Adi-krithi

shrI rAmabhadrA
sAramati-Adi-krithi

shrI rAman
nArAyaNagauLa-Adi-krithi

shrI SaNmukham
Bhairavi-Adi-krithi

shrI shailapatiyE
kAmbhOji-Adi-krithi

shrI vallI
naTabhairavi-Adi-krithi

shrI vAtApi
sahAnA-Adi-krithi

shrI vishvanAtham
bhairavi-Adi-krithi

shrIdhara venkatEsham
kalyANi-cApu-krithi

shrInivAsa tava
kharharapriyA-rUpaka-krithi

shrInivAsa tiru
hamsAnandi-Adi-krithi

singAra vElavan
Anandabhairavi-Adi-krithi

soppana vAzhvil
rAgamAlikA-Adi-krithi

sundara rUpa
shankarAbharaNa-Adi-krithi

sundarEshvarA
maNirangu-rUpaka-krithi

sundarEshvaranE
kalyANi-Adi-krithi

svAmi ItaramA
kEdAra-Adi-krithi

svAmi nAn unran (varNam)
nATakuranji-Adi-krithi

svAmi nI (padavarNam)
shrIranjani-Adi-krithi

svAmi sharaNam
Anandabhairavi-Adi-krithi

svAmi shiridum
nAgasvarAvaLi-Adi-krithi

svAmi unnai (varNam)
Arabhi-Adi (2 kaLai)-krithi

svAmi unran (varNam)
bilahari-Adi-krithi

svAmikku sari
kEdAragauLa-cApu-krithi

tAmadam En
tODi-Adi-krithi

tAmasamA ammA
kuntalavarALi-Adi-krithi

tamizh maNam
maNIrangu-Adi-krithi

tandai tAi
dEvamanOhari-Adi-krithi

taNikai vaLar
tODi-khaNDacApu-krithi

taNikEshanai paNindu
tODi-Adi-krithi

tanjam enrAlE (varNam)
AbhOgi-Adi-krithi

tanjam nIyE
tODi-Adi-krithi

tannai bhajikkalAgAdA
aThANA-Adi-krithi

taruNm IdaiyyA
shivaranjani-rUpaka-krithi

tatvamariya
rItigauLa-Adi-krithi

tava caraNau
tODi-rUpaka-krithi

tAyE bhairaviyE
bhairavi-Adi-krithi

tAyE EzhaipAl
bhairavi-adi-krithi

tAyE nInE
bhairavi-Adi-krithi

tAyin maNikkoDi
sALagabhairavi-Adi-krithi

tAyumAnavanE
khamAs-Adi-krithi

tEril ErinAn
kalyANi-rUpaka-krithi

tirukkumaranAi
shankarAbaraNa-dEshAdi-krithi

tirupparam kunra
hindOLa-Adi-krithi

tiruvaDi paNiyum
sAvEri-Adi-krithi

tiruvaLar
khamAs-Adi-krithi

tiruvaruL purivaiyE
shuddhadhanyAsi-Adi-krithi

tiruvaruL tandaruLvAi
bEgaDa-Adi-krithi

tiruvaruL tara
aThANA-Adi-krithi

tiruvazhundUr
dhanyAsi-tripuTa-krithi

tudikkaiyanai nI
mOhana-Adi-krithi

tuNai nIyE
kalyANi-Adi-krithi

tuNai purindaruL
hindOLa-Adi-krithi

ulaga vAzhilum
aThANA-Adi-krithi

ulaga vAzhvil
sAvEri-Adi-krithi

uLLam iranguvadun
kAnaDA-Adi-krithi

uLLamirangi
hamsadhvani-Adi-krithi

umaiyOr bhAganE
nATa-rUpaka-krithi

un pAdam aladu
kalyANi-Adi-krithi

un padam nambina
rItigauLa-Adi-krithi

un pAdamE
punnAgavarALi-Adi-krithi

unadu dayai
kAmavardhani-tripuTa-krithi

unai allAl vErE
kalyANi-Adi-krithi

unai dinam
sAvEri-Adi-krithi

unai nambi
cakravAka-cApu-krithi

unaiyalAl gati
balahamsa-Adi-krithi

unaiyallAl gati
kalyANi-Adi-krithi

unakkum enakkum
mAyAmALavagauLa-Adi-krithi

uNDenru nambu
kAmbhOji-Adi-krithi

uNDenru urudi
harikAmbOji-rUpaka-krithi

uNDu kuladeiva
tODi-Adi-krithi

unnai bhajikka
bEgaDa-Adi-krithi

unnai ninaindu
cakravAka-Adi-krithi

unnai ninandAlE
cenjuruTi-Adi-krithi

unnait-tudikka
kunthaLavarALi-Adi-krithi

vA gaNapatiyE
shuddhasAvEri-Adi-krithi

vA vA mativadanE
paraju-Adi-krithi

vaLLI kAntA
simhEndramadhyam-Adi-krithi

vAna inbamum peridO
bhImpalAs-RUpaka-krithi

vandadellAm
husEni-Adi-krithi

vandaruLvAi murugA
dEvamanOhari-Adi-krithi

vandaruLvAi tOghai
kAmavardhini-Adi-krithi

vANI aruL
dhanyAsi-Adi-krithi

vAnOr vaNangum
Anandabhairavi-Adi-krithi

varalakSmi nIyE
sALagabhairavi-Adi-krithi

vAyu kumAran
kalyANi-adi-krithi

vEnkaTaramaNA pankaja
kalyANi-Adi-krithi

vEnkaTaramaNA un tiru
latAngi-rUpaka-krithi

vErillai nIyE
suraTi-Adi-krithi

vEru tuNai
dhanyAsi-jhampa-krithi

vighna vinAyaka
madhyamAvati-Adi-krithi

vINE azhiyAdE
kharaharapriyA-Adi-krithi

vishAlAkSi nAyakan
bEgaDa-Adi-krithi

vishvanAthA
dEvagAndhAri-Adi-krithi

yadukula tilakA
hamIrkalyANi-Adi-krithi

yamunA tIrE
mAND-Adi-krithi

yArammA nI
SaNmukhapriyA-Adi-krithi

yashOdA bAlA
rAgamAlikA-Adi-krithi

Muthaiah Bhagavathar (1877 - 1945) Biography and Works


Biography

Dr. Harikesanallur Muthaiah Bhagavathar is one of the most important post-trinity composers and an important vocalist as well.

Muthaiah Bhagavathar was born to Lingam Iyer and Anamdam in 1877. After the early death of his father, he was brought up by his maternal uncle Lakshamana Suri of Harikesanallur, who taught his Sanskrit, Vedas and music. He got further musical training from Sambasiva Iyer and his son T. S. Sabesa Iyer, who belonged to the Thyagaraja shishya parampara.

As a vocalist, his big break came when in 1887 he sang before Maharaja Mulam Thirunal of Travancore who honoured him as a court musician. This established him as one of the front ranking musicians of the time. Later he started giving Harikatha performances, for which he earned the name Bhagavathar. This was the time he started composing, which he would use in his Harikatha-s.

The next phase of his life was as a court musician in Mysore, from 1927. Most of his compositions were from this period. Initially he composed mostly in Madhyakala, like Shri Tyagaraja. After 1931, he was influenced by Muthuswamy Dikshitar compositions and started compoing in vilambita kala. In 1936, he was again invited by Maharani Sethu Parvathi of Travancore and he spent several years there. during that time, one of his major contributions was popularising Swati Tirunal compositions. He was also the first prinicipal of "Swathi Thirunal Academy of Music" there.

Apart from being a vocalist and composer, Muthaiah Bhagavathar was also a learned musicologist. He was actively involved in the Annual Conference of Experts conducted by The Music Academy of Madras. In 1930 he was awarded the Sangeetha Kalanidhi by the academy. He also wrote a book on the science of music, Sangeetha Kalpa Dhruma, for which he was awarded Degree of Doctorate in 1943 by the Travancore state.

Teachers & Influences:M. Lakshamana Suri, Sambasiva Iyer, T. S. Sabesa Iyer


Mudra: Harikesha


Languages used:
Telugu, Sanskrit

Genre
Carnatic: Krithi

Compositions:

Adityan Devadidevam Mayamalavagaula Adi Krithi
Ajam haram Ambikavanam Nilambari Adi Krithi
Amba mahavani Saraswati Manohari Khanda Chapu Krithi
Ambavanina Keeravani Adi Krithi
Anagham akhilandam Mandari Rupaka Krithi
Anandamana sangeetham Kambhoji Adi Krithi
Anandapuram haram Vijayasree Adi Krithi
Ananthapadmanabham Malahari Rupaka Krithi
Ananthaya sarvaya Bauli Adi Krithi
Andavan darisanamae Jonpuri Adi Krithi
Anekatame Vijayanagari Adi Krithi
Angaraka Mangalamurthye Ritigaula Rupaka Krithi
Aniswaram abhishekaram Charukesi Adi Krithi
Anthakasura subane Sahana Rupaka Krithi
Aparajithe amarasanuthe Kannada Adi Krithi
Apavarga pradam asraye Pasupatipriya Adi Krithi
Arrukkum adangada Begada Adi Krithi
Arya Devi Sahana Adi Krithi
Astamurthim sishtamurthim Gaulipantu Misra Chapu Krithi
Athisayavara Mandari Adi Krithi
Atisundaram avyaktham Simhendramadhyamam Rupaka Krithi
Avan seyalauni Hamirkalyani Adi Krithi
Bale paripahi sahu Begada Rupaka Krithi
Balochanam bhaga Saurashtram Misra Chapu Krithi
Balumo samayannu Sahana Khanda Chapu Varnam
Bhagala Deviya HanumaThodi Adi Krithi
Bhagavate rudraya Kurinji Adi Krithi
Bhajamyaham avyayam Nagagandhari Adi Krithi
Bhakthavalsala paramesvara Karnataka Bihag Rupaka Krithi
Bhandasuravimardini Manirang Rupaka Krithi
Bhargam pasupatim Jingla Misra Chapu Krithi
Bhavapasa mochakam Pushpalatika Jhampa Krithi
Bhujanga Bhushana Chenchukamboji Adi Krithi
Bhutha pataye namo Nagasvaravali Adi Krithi
Bhuvaneswari alita Mohanakalyani Adi Krithi
Bindupeetha kritavase Huseni Misra Chapu Krithi
Chakra ragarathe Dharmavathi Rupaka Krithi
Chakresi pradeepa sri Chakrapradeepta Adi Krithi
Chandamundasiraschethry Garudadhwani Rupaka Krithi
Chandrashekara vibushite Sankarabharanam Adi Krithi
Charuvikrama Hamsadhwani Adi Krithi
Chidanikunda sambhute Ataana Adi Krithi
Dakshatvaraharam Surutti Adi Krithi
Dandina Sri Chandikambe Salaga Bhairavi Adi Krithi
Devam kavachinam Bangala Adi Krithi
Devi damshrakarala Hamirkalyani Adi Krithi
Devi Gaurininna Gaurimanohari Khanda Chapu Krithi
Devi Sivadutipradae Punnagavarali Rupaka Krithi
Devi Sri Mahalakshmi Harinarayani Adi Krithi
Devidakshayani Balahamsa Rupaka Krithi
Dhirasikhamani Ritigaula Adi Krithi
Dinamani umasaga Mayamalavagaula Rupaka Krithi
Ennalu tirugu Mandari Adi Krithi
Gamanatham bhaje Panchamam Misra Chapu Krithi
Gamganapathe namo nama Hamsadhwani Rupaka Krithi
Ganesha skanda janani Nagabhushani Rupaka Krithi
Garudavahana Garudadhwani Rupaka Krithi
Giridhanvinam Kokiladhvani Adi Krithi
Girija deviya bhajisetho Veenadhari Adi Krithi
Giripriyam gangadharam Kathanakuthuhalam Adi Krithi
Girisam mahesham Kaanada Misra Chapu Krithi
Gopalanandana Kathanakuthuhalam Adi Krithi
Gurunatha Pushpalatika Khanda Chapu Krithi
Hara Maheswara Begada Adi Krithi
Harihara Mahadeva Jaymanohari Rupaka Krithi
Himagiri tanaye Udayaravichandrika Adi Krithi
Himagirisa manomani Isamanohari Adi Krithi
Ikhane tala Guharanjini Adi Krithi
Ithi vela nanne Kokilabhashini Rupaka Krithi
Jagadguru Gopikavasantham Adi Krithi
Jalandharasupeethasthe Valaji Rupaka Krithi
Jannani Ashrita Ratnangi Rupaka Krithi
Japakusuma Dhanyasi Adi Krithi
Jaya jaya basha Sudha Seemanthini Adi Krithi
Jaya Mahishasura Hamsadhwani Rupaka Krithi
Jaya Narayana Abhogi Adi Krithi
Jayadevijaganmathe Garuda Malhar Triputa Krithi
Jvaalajjihve Darbar Adi Krithi
Kadambavanavasini Bhoopalam Triputa Krithi
Kala ratri svaroopini Urmika/Sudha Adi Krithi
Kalati thaya Udayaravichandrika Adi Krithi
Kameswari Sri Kurinji Jhampa Krithi
Kandara mandala madhyaye Purnachandrika Adi Krithi
Kannan manivarnam Kharaharapriya Rupaka Krithi
Kapalinam vande Hindustani Kapi Misra Chapu Krithi
Karangulina Khotparana Harikamboji Ata Krithi
Kartyayani skandajanani Devamanohari Adi Krithi
Kausamba vasanopathe Karnataka Kapi Chapu Krithi
Khanda Paradsive Yadukulakambhoji Adi Krithi
Kripanidhe Hamsanandam Misra Chapu Krithi
Kripasagara Madhavamanohari Adi Krithi
Lalataksha namosthuthe Natta Adi Krithi
Lambodara sodara Mecha Kalyani Eka Krithi
Lambodhara Mahaganesa Navarasa Kannada Misra Chapu Krithi
Madhu kaitabha Arabhi Rupaka Krithi
Madjurapura nayike Chakravakam Adi Krithi
Mahabala girisam Saranga Chapu Krithi
Mahabaladri nilaye Ramapriya Adi Krithi
Mahabaleswara vibho Saranga Rupaka Krithi
Mahadevam Narayani Adi Krithi
Mahaganapathe dehi Malahari Rupaka Krithi
Maharajani mahalakshmi Amritavarshini Triputa Krithi
Mahatripura Sundar Purnachandrika Rupaka Krithi
Mahavishnusodari Anandabhairavi Adi Krithi
Mahishasura Andolika Adi Varna
Manadira kisainda Sankarabharanam Adi Krithi
Manamadanguvade HanumaThodi Adi Krithi
Manamu kavalannu Sahana Rupaka Krithi
Manas sastvasraye Shanmukhapriya Adi Krithi
Manasija janaka Panchamam Adi Krithi
Manasukaragi Megharanjini Adi Krithi
Mangalam pongidum Maand Adi Krithi
Mangalaroopiniye Jonpuri Adi Krithi
Manonmani Subhapanthuvarali Adi Krithi
Mantrini matangatanaye Hemavathi Adi Krithi
Marakathamanichaye Saindhavi Rupaka Krithi
Mavoor valar maharani Jonpuri Adi Krithi
Mavur valamperuga Sindhubhairavi Adi Krithi
Meenalochani Amba HanumaThodi Rupaka Krithi
Moovasaikonde Kharaharapriya Adi Krithi
Mrigapane Bhairavi Rupaka Krithi
Mrithuynjayam mridam Ramapriya Khanda Chapu Krithi
Mula prakrithi rupe Saveri Adi Krithi
Muruganukku oeru Mecha Kalyani Adi Krithi
Na punyamu gada Keeravani Adi Krithi
Namo hirayana Mangalakaisiki Adi Krithi
Nava lavanya rupadhaye Hindolam Rupaka Krithi
Navakshara manusutha Navarathnavilasam Adi Krithi
Navaratrotsava Alankari Rupaka Krithi
Navavarana sampoojaye Guharanjini Adi Krithi
Nee padamulanu Natabhairavi Adi Krithi
Needu mahima Hamsanandi Adi Krithi
Ni bhaianana Kambhoji Adi Krithi
Ni padame gathiyanu Bhairavi Adi Krithi
Nilalohita Malavi Adi Krithi
Nilayatakshi nive Vijayasree Rupaka Krithi
Ninnu nammi nanu Abhogi Eka Krithi
Nityakinne nishkalanke Nattakurinji Adi Krithi
Pachiyana turumeni HanumaThodi Adi Krithi
Panchasyayane Kaanada Khanda Chapu Krithi
Panchavakthramasraye Hamsadeepakam Adi Krithi
Pankajanabam Mecha Kalyani Adi Krithi
Parama mangalate Dvijayanti Chapu Krithi
Paramapavanane Megharanjini Rupaka Krithi
Paramapurusha Paadi Adi Krithi
Parasu hasthaya Navarasa Kannada Rupaka Krithi
Paripurna paratpara Kuntalavarali Adi Krithi
Pasupathe namosthuthe Saindhavi Adi Krithi
Pasupathi padasevaname Mecha Kalyani Adi Krithi
Pasupathimugram Arabhi Khanda Chapu Krithi
Pasupatipriya sati Pasupatipriya Rupaka Krithi
Pinakine maha prabhave Brindavanasaranga d Krithi
Purandara vinuthe Purvikalyani Triputa Krithi
Purarthaye namo Hindolam Adi Krithi
Purusham pushadante Devamanohari Adi Krithi
Rajarajeswari Garudadhwani Adi Krithi
Rathnabhushani Yadukulakambhoji Adi Krithi
Ratnakanjukadarini Kambhoji Misra Chapu Krithi
Rohineeyam Surutti Khanda Chapu Krithi
Rundamala lasat Bhushavali Adi Krithi
Sachamara Ramavani Hamsanandi Rupaka Krithi
Sachidananda vigrahe Devagandhari Chapu Padam
Sahajaguna Rama Sankarabharanam Adi Krithi
Sahasra sirsha Sudha Lalitha Jhampa Krithi
Sahasrakara manadithe Vachaspathi Adi Krithi
Sahasraksham sambhavam Nayaki Rupaka Krithi
Sahasrapadam Kedaram Misra Chapu Krithi
Sainapriya Sivasankara Sama Adi Krithi
Sakala sampatprade Ritigaula Jhampa Krithi
Saketha Bhupathe Mukhari Adi Krithi
Sakthi Vinayaka Sriranjini Adi Krithi
Samayamide nannu Budhamanohari Adi Krithi
Sampathprade Mecha Kalyani Adi Krithi
Sankara gangadhara Sudha Saveri Adi Krithi
Sankarisathodari Gaula Adi Krithi
Sannutangi Vasantha Adi Varna
Sarasakshi ni Mecha Kalyani Ata Krithi
Sarasamukhi Garuda Malhar Adi Krithi
Saraswatidevi Saraswati Manohari Rupaka Krithi
Saravanabhava Pasupatipriya Adi Krithi
Sarva mangala rupadhye Paras Misra Chapu Krithi
Sarvajna Samba Ravichandrika Rupaka Krithi
Sarvjagatvyapanam Manorama Adi Krithi
Sasisekhara Purnachandrika Adi Krithi
Sathvikam sankaram Amritavarshini Khanda Chapu Krithi
Satideviye Shanmukhapriya Adi Krithi
Sharanam vijaya Vijayasaraswati Adi Krithi
Siddhi Vinayakom Mohanakalyani Adi Krithi
Sikhivahana Hamsadeepakam Adi Krithi
Simhavahana Amba Simhavahini Rupaka Krithi
Siva mahasena janaka Vasantha Khanda Chapu Krithi
Siva siva sambho Mecha Kalyani Adi Krithi
Sivam vrishbharudram Mohanakalyani Khanda Chapu Krithi
Sivapriya Sriranjini Rupaka Krithi
Sivaramaya sugunalaya Keeravani Rupaka Krithi
Somasundara Sarasangi Adi Krithi
Somasuryagni Hamsanandi Misra Chapu Krithi
Sri Anjaneya Jaymanohari Adi Krithi
Sri bhargavam Sri Adi Krithi
Sri bhavamchinmayam Garudadhwani Misra Chapu Krithi
Sri karijaya Sri Adi Krithi
Sri mahabala saila Sudha Saveri Adi Varnam
Sri Mahaganapathe Kambhoji Ata Varnam
Sri Mahishasuramardini Hamsagamani Rupaka Krithi
Sri Parameswara Madhyamavathi Adi Krithi
Sri Raghuvara chinmaya Nayaki Adi Krithi
Sri Raja Raja varade Saurashtram Rupaka Krithi
Sri rajamatangi Udayaravichandrika Adi Varna
Sri Rama kodandarama Bhairavi Misra Chapu Krithi
Sri Sailabrahmambika Kamalamanohari Rupaka Krithi
Sri Sambasiva sadguru Gurupriya Khanda Chapu Krithi
Sri Sambasivaiya Suryakantham Rupaka Krithi
Sri Shuba Devi Jaganmohini Rupaka Krithi
Sri Sive jaya vaibhave Abhogi Adi Krithi
Sri trilokesam Saveri Khanda Chapu Krithi
Sri Virabhadram Kannada Adi Krithi
Sri Virupaksha Gauri Khanda Chapu Krithi
Sri Vishweswara Harikamboji Adi Krithi
Srichakrapuravasini Gamanasrama Adi Krithi
Srichakravara Janaranjani Adi Krithi
Srikanda dayanide Malavi Rupaka Krithi
Srikantha dayanidhe Salaga Bhairavi Rupaka Krithi
Srimad Simhasaneswari Sudha Saveri Adi Krithi
Srimad Tripurasundari Madhyamavathi Adi Krithi
Srirama jayabhauma Madhyamavathi Adi Krithi
Srisa raravanabhavuni Sumanpriya Adi Krithi
Sritrayimurte Jayanarayani Rupaka Krithi
Sudhamayi sudhanidhi Amritavarshini Rupaka Krithi
Sukshmathanum Hindola Vasantha Khanda Chapu Krithi
Suryacharagni Sriranjini Rupaka Krithi
Tappa mannisotaye Mayapradeepa Adi Krithi
Tappulanaiyu Bauli Rupaka Krithi
Taraka nama Mayamalavagaula Adi Krithi
Teliyakane Huseni Rupaka Krithi
Thaiyidhathil anbiiatha Jonpuri Eka Krithi
Tharakamsivan Sriranjini Adi Krithi
Thim Thathim Hamsanandi Adi Tillana
Thodu nida nive Punnagavarali Adi Krithi
Thom tha thom Kaanada Adi Thillana
Thyagaraja sadguruvai Hindolam Adi Krithi
Tripuranthaka deva Hindusthani Behag Adi Krithi
Umadeva mahanubhava Mohana Adi Krithi
Urraya Avyak taya Dharmavathi Rupaka Krithi
Vageeswari Saraswati Adi Krithi
Vajresi mathe Andolika Adi Krithi
Valli nayaka Shanmukhapriya Adi Krithi
Vanchadomune Karnaranjini Triputa Krithi
Vani nityakalyani Saraswati Manohari Adi Krithi
Vaninivasini Kedaram Rupaka Krithi
Vedamathe vedavinuthe Natta Adi Krithi
Vijayambika Vijayanagari Adi Krithi
Vindhyachala nivasini Narayanagaula Triputa Krithi
Vyomakesam namami Andolika Triputa Krithi
Yagnamayum Sankaran Bhavapriya Rupaka Krithi
Yogini Ganasevitha Vanaspathi Adi Krithi

Koteeswara Iyer (1870 - 1940) Biography and Works


Biography

Koteeswara Iyer is an important post-trinity composer, known for his many krithi-s in Vivadhi Raaga-s.


Koteeswara Iyer was born into a music famly. His grand father was the famous poet and composer Kavikunjara Bharati, a contemporary of the trinity. Koteeswara Iyer was initially trained by his grand father. Later he was trained by Ramnad Sreenivasa Iyengar and then by Patnam Subramania Iyer. Koteeswara Iyer's mudra, Kavi Kunjaradasan, shows his respect for his grand father, Kavikunjara Bharati.

Koteeswara Iyer penned over 200 compositions. He also composed a krithi in each of the 72 mela-s and published them in his book Kandha Gaanamritham. But he is well known for his Vivaadi raaga krith-s like Mohanakara (Neethimathi), Ma madhura sarasa (Ganamurthi) and Singara Kumari (Varunapriya). Famous vocalist S. Rajam is one of the artists who has sung a lot of Koteeswara Iyer krithi-s and popularized them

Teachers & Influences: Patnam Subramanya Iyer, Ramnad Sreenivasa Iyengar


Mudra: Kavi Kunjaradasan

Genre Carnatic: Krithi

Languages used: Tamil, Telugu


Compositions:
Adum azhaginile Kosalam Adi Krithi
Alagade Hatakambari Adi Krithi
Amboruha padame Natabhairavi Rupaka Krithi
Ananda rakshaka Jhalavarali Adi Krithi
Andharanga bhakthi Shadvidhamargini Adi Krithi
Anjaade Pavani Misra Chapu Krithi
Appa Muruga Divyamani Adi Krithi
Appane kapali HanumaThodi Rupaka Krithi
Arul shaiya Rasikapriya Adi Krithi
Ayyane atkol Kambhoji Triputa Krithi
Dasanena Gukasena Vanaspathi Adi Krithi
En maname Namanarayani Adi Krithi
Enai alayya Sankarabharanam Adi Krithi
Ganamudham Salagam Adi Krithi
Ganasudhaapanamu Jyotisvarupini Misra Chapu Krithi
Ghananayadesika Rishabhapriya Adi Krithi
Gitamudame Madhyamavathi Adi Krithi
Iha para sukha Suvarnangi Rupaka Krithi
Vachaspathi Rupaka Krithi
Isan Kanakasabhesan Begada Adi Krithi
Ka guha Shanmukha Kosalam Rupaka Krithi
Kaana kankodi vendum Chakravakam Rupaka Krithi
Kada bhakthachintamani Dharmavathi Misra Chapu Krithi
Kaikuda Latangi Jhampa Krithi
maname Ragavardhini Rupaka Krithi
Kali teera vandarul HanumaThodi Misra Chapu Krithi
Kanaka Mayura Jalarnavam Adi Krithi
Kanakangaka Kanakangi Adi Krithi
Kanakavela karunalavela Sri Adi Krithi
Kandaga karpaga taruve Syamalangi Misra Chapu Krithi
Kanjam konjam Suryakantham Rupaka Krithi
Kanparaiyya Kharaharapriya Rupaka Krithi
Karunai Kadale Dhenuka Adi Krithi
Karvaya kanda Dhavalambari Rupaka Krithi
Ma madhura sarasa Ganamurthi Adi Krithi
Mahaganapathe Kaanada Adi Krithi
Malaiyate maname Sarasangi Rupaka Krithi
Manade maravade Hemavathi Rupaka Krithi
Mane moham Saveri Adi Varnam
Mangalam mayitvaham Surutti Adi Krithi
Manojanaimaruganai Gaula Adi Krithi
Mohanakara Neethimathi Rupaka Krithi
Nada nilai Gayakapriya Jhampa Krithi
Nadanuasantanaa Vagadheeswari Adi Krithi
Nadasukham Kanthamani Adi Krithi
Nalagude Rupavathi Adi Krithi
Nambinen Aiyya Vakulabharanam Adi Krithi
Nan enna seyven Mayamalavagaula Adi Krithi
Nayen unaye Naganandini Adi Krithi
Neeye gati en thaye Harikamboji Adi Krithi
Ni than appa Charukesi Adi Krithi
Nijabhaktim Manavathi Rupaka Krithi
Ninnaikanome Gangeyabhushani Rupaka Krithi
Paramananda Vishwambhari Rupaka Krithi
Sulini Adi Krithi Parayunul Gaurimanohari Adi Krithi
Rama ravikulasoma Bhairavi Adi Krithi
Ranjitha kavi Sudha Saveri Rupaka Krithi
Sadanamndame Mecha Kalyani Adi Krithi
Sadananda Raghupriya Rupaka Krithi
Samaganalola Chitrambari Misra Chapu Krithi
Sambhosankara Mecha Kalyani Triputa Krithi
Sami Dikshita Devamanohari Rupaka Krithi
Sami ide nallsamayam Navaneetham Rupaka Krithi
Sami sadamuda Ramapriya Adi Krithi
Samidesamayam Kedaragaula Rupaka Krithi
Sanbho sadasiva Yagapriya Adi Krithi
Shentiruvelan Bhavapriya Adi Krithi
Singara Kumari Varunapriya Adi Krithi
Sri Venugopaladeva Darbar Jhampa Krithi
Sukha Vazhve Kokilapriya Rupaka Krithi
Sukhakara Dhatuvardhini Adi Krithi
Sukhame sukham Shanmukhapriya Adi Krithi
Tandi mamukha Natta Adi Krithi
Thandarul ayya Nasikabhushani Misra Chapu Krithi
Tharuve nin arul Varali Misra Chapu Krithi
Ullam ariyada Sriranjini Adi Krithi
Unnaiyillal Simhendramadhyamam Adi Krithi
Va velava va Tanarupi Jhampa Krithi
Vaaranamukha va tunai Hamsadhwani Rupaka Krithi
Varnam tarum Jhankaradhwani Misra Chapu Krithi
Velaiya dayi Saveri Adi Krithi
Velanai vere gathi Subhapanthuvarali Misra Chapu Krithi
Velava va adiyen Arabhi Rupaka Krithi
Velave va Keeravani Jhampa Krithi
Velu mayilu me Sucharitra Rupaka Krithi
Viraraghava Gavambodhi Adi Krithi
Yedum ariyene Sahana Jhampa Krithi

Wednesday, August 15, 2007

Subramania Bharathi (1882-1921) Biography And Works

Biography

Subramania Bharathi was born to Chinnaswaamy Aiyyar and Lakshmi AmmaaL in 1882 at Ettayapuram. He lost his mother at the age of 5. He learnt music from very young age and at 11 and was invited to a conference of Ettayapuram court poets and musicians for composing poems and songs. He accepted a challenge and composed a chindu on the model of kaavadi chindu of Annaamalai Reddiyaar. There he was given the title 'Bhaarati' for his ability to compose poems and songs.


At the age of 15 he married Cellammaal and in 1898 lost his father. At 22, he became Tamil teacher at Setupati High School in Madurai and the same year was appointed Assistant Editor of a daily newspaper called "Swadesamitran." In 1906, he was editor of a weekly magazine called "India" in Madras and the next year a friend of his, Krishnaswaamy Aiyyar received from him songs he had composed on patriotism and published them, titled "SudEsa geetangaL." In 1908 the government wanted to arrest him, but he escaped to PonDicerry (under French rule) and published "India" from there.


In 1912 he translated the Bhagavad Geeta into Tamil and composed songs on Krishna (KaNNan PaaTTu), "Kuyil," and "Pancaali Shabadam" (on Draupadi of the Mahaabhaarata).


His national integration songs earned him the title "DEsiya Kavi" (National Poet).His patriotic songs emphasize nationalism, unity of India, equality of man and the greatness of the Tamil language. He sang these himself at Congress meetings at the Madras beach. He composed tamil keertanais on love, devotion,fearlessness, mysticism.


His stepbrother C.Vishwanaata Aiyyar and V.V.S. Aiyyar tell us that he himself set his songs to music and could sing them well in a variety of raagams. In "Bharata dEviyin tiru dasangam" he used 10 raagams.


In an article "Sangeeta Vishayam" (Issues in Music), Bhaaratiyaar rebukes musicians PaTnam Subramania Aiyyar and others for singing songs of the Trinity, without knowing the meaning because the songs are all in Sanskrit or Telegu. According to him, without knowing the meaning, singers are unable to sing with proper expression. He also saysthat songs usually portray devotion and love and not other emotions like courage, anger, wonder,fear, and hatred. He emphasized that musicians should not sing songs which they don't understand and should learn from Hindustani musicians how to train their voices.


He died in an accident on September 11, 1921 at the age of just 39.


Compositions:


Appavum ponnadi Jaymanohari Adi Krithi


Bharatha samudayam Hindusthani Behag Eka Padam


Chinna chiru kiliye Bhairavi Rupaka Krithi


Dikkuteriyada HanumaThodi Adi Krithi


Endaiyam tham Kambhoji Adi Krithi


Jayamundu bhayamillai Khamas Adi Krithi


Jiva padagai Anandabhairavi Adi Krithi


Jnanappal arulvai Saramati Adi Krithi


Kaathirukunren Sama Adi Krithi


Kanavendamo Sri Rupaka Krithi


Kanene en kanavan Mecha Kalyani Adi Krithi


Kanika kondutaram Varali Eka Krithi


Karumbu thottathile Saindhavi Misra Chapu Krithi


Malai pozhidil Nadanamakriya Adi Krithi


Mannar kulathinadi Nadanamakriya Adi Krithi


Muruga Muruga Nattakurinji Adi Krithi


Nenjukku neethi Sindhubhairavi Adi Krithi


Neram mikandidu Nadanamakriya Adi Krithi


Nithyamunai vendi Chakravakam Eka Krithi


Pillai prayathile Saraswati Manohari Eka Krithi


Sakthi tanake Bhoopalam Eka Krithi


Thanjamulakinil Punnagavarali Adi Krithi


Ujjaiyini Hindolam Adi Krithi


Umayirundavar Kambhoji Adi Krithi


Unnai yenamayil Kharaharapriya Adi Krithi


Vandadum cholai Harikamboji Adi Krithi


Veene Sheshanna (1852-1926) Biography


Biography


Veene sheshanna is perhaps the most famous musician of the Mysore royal court and proponent of the famous Mysore Bani i.e. school of veena playing. He also represents the times when Mysore royal court was the cultural capital of the south.


Born into a family of musicians, he learnt from his father Bakshi Chikka Ramappa who was the court musican in the court of the Mysore king of the time Mummadi Krishnaraja Wodeyar. He was a child prodigy and gained acceptance of the court even at the age of just ten. Later he learnt vocal music under the famous vocalist Mysore Sadashiva Rao.
Apart from Veena, he was adept at playing many instruments like piono, sitar and violin. He also learnt Hindustani music and even western classical. He was also a composer.

Pallavi Sesha Iyer (1842 - 1909) Biography and Works

Biography

Pallavi Sesha Iyer (or Seshayyar) is one of the important post-trinity composers and musicians in the Tyagaraja shishya parampara.
Sesha Iyer was born in Neykkarapatti, a village about 8 miles from Salem, Tamilnadu। His father, Neykkarapatti Subbayar, was a disciple of Shri Thyagaraja. Sesha Iyer had his musical training from his father, who taught him all the Thyagaraja Krishi-s.

As a singer, he was an expert at Ragam-Thanam-Pallavi, so much so, he came to be known as Pallavi Sesha Iyer। Another of his specialities was his ability to compose and sing in rare raaga-s. He composed in many rare mela-s like Kanakangi, Manavati, Tanarupi and raaga-s like Mallikavasantam and Pushpalatika. He also set his own compositions in notation, a rarity among Indian composers.

He became a singer in the court of Mysore Maharaja, staying in Mysore and Bangalore for a number of years and teaching a large number of students. Towards the latter part of his life, he lived in Madras. His prime disciples include Manattattaai Duraiswami Aiyar, Chintalapalli Venkita Rao and Nagaswaram Krishna.

Mudra: Sheshayyar

Genre Carnatic: Krithi

Languages used: Telugu

Compositions:

Chalavalachi Manirang Tisra Eka Varnam
Chittamela italaiye Manavathi Adi Krithi
Dasarathapala Kanakangi Adi Krithi
Eduruga vachi Khamas Adi Krithi
Entapalaimpa Kedaragaula Adi Krithi
Gasi ela bettevu Ahiri Adi Krithi
Indaparakelara Kharaharapriya Adi Krithi
Inta vadam ne Vakulabharanam Adi Krithi
Jessina papamulu Mecha Kalyani Misra Chapu Krithi
Maruva nike Purvikalyani Adi Krithi
Mosamu seya Simhendramadhyamam Adi Krithi
Na paritapamu Saurashtram Adi Krithi
Namadinippudu Nayaki Adi Krithi
Namavivinimu Manirang Eka Krithi
Napunya mettido Subhapanthuvarali Adi Krithi
Ne neruganu Rama Mallikavasantam Tisra Eka Krithi
Neekela dayaradura Sankarabharanam Eka Krithi
Nenerumganu Mayamalavagaula Adi Krithi
Netala Lenura Huseni Adi Krithi
Ni kanna dikkevarura Pushpalatika Adi Krithi
Ni nannu brova Bhairavi Adi Krithi
Ni samagamu Senavathi Adi Krithi
Ninnital veta Nilambari Eka Krithi
Ninnuchala nammina Harikamboji Adi Krithi
Nipai Mohamipudu Punnagavarali Misra Chapu Krithi
Nitho jeppaka Garudadhwani Adi Krithi
Nive dayavachi Vasantha Adi Krithi
Nive najivamuni Kedaram Rupaka Krithi
Oka matada Gaurimanohari Adi Krithi
Paramananadamu Gaula Adi Krithi
Ramanemini Paras Tisra Eka Krithi
Raminidu karuna Varali Eka Krithi
Saavakaasamela Rama Navaroj Adi Krithi
Saduvela Jeraka Ratnangi Adi Krithi
Samaganalola Surutti Adi Krithi
Saminee todi Surutti Adi Varnam
Sarananu Sama Adi Krithi
Sarasu rammanave Darbar Eka Krithi
Srigananatha Natta Adi Krithi
Sripathe kripa seyar Sri Misra Chapu Krithi
Sriraghukulabdi Sudha Saveri Triputa Krithi
Sundaranga Hindusthani Behag Tisra Eka Krithi
Tattrabadha Jalara Rupavathi Adi Krithi
Udhara dhim Karnataka Kapi Adi Thillana
Uraka galkuna Narayanagaula Tisra Eka Krithi
Vadda Jesavura Dhenuka Eka Krithi
Vami nannubrova Surutti Adi Krithi
Vinta Vimataga Kokilapriya Misra Chapu Krithi
Yemanti Rama Shanmukhapriya Eka Krithi

Subbarama Dheekshithar (1839-1906) Biography and Works


Biography


Subbarama Dheekshithar was the grandson of Baluswami Dikshitar, brother of Muthuswami Dikshitar. He was a great composer in his own right, but is more well known for Sangita Sampradaya Pradarshini, an important book detailing works of Muthuswami Dikshitar and a reference on many other Carnatic musical concepts.


Subbarama Dheekshithar was born to Annapurni and Sivarama Iyer. Annapurni was the daughter of Baluswami Dikshitar, brother of Muthuswami Dikshitar. Baluswami Dikshitar, a great musician, was at the court of Ettayapuram kings. He adopted Subbarama Dheekshithar as his own son and taught music to Subbarama Dheekshithar. Subbarama Dheekshithar began composing at the age of seventeen and became the ashtana vidhwan of the Ettayapuram kings at the age of nineteen. He composed maintaining the high style of Muttuswami Dikshitar, composing kriti-s, many varna-s, svarajati-s, and ragamalika-s. He also set to music, the Valli-Bharatam, a Tamil composition by Kadigai Namassivaya Pulavar of the Ettayapuram Court. "Ma moha lahiri" in Khamas on God Kumara at Kazhukumalai by the same Tamil scholar was also set to dance-music by Subbarama Dikshitar. He also did a Tamil translation of the Telugu Mahabharata.


Chinnaswami Mudaliar, a Superintendent at that time in the Madras Government Secretariat, was the first person to try to present Carnatic compositions using western notations.


With the help of Shishyaparampara of Shri Tyagaraja, he gathered several hundred of Thyagaraja krithi-s and published the first issue of Oriental Music. Chinnaswami Mudaliar then started working on Muthuswami Dikshitar compositions which brought him to Subbarama Dheekshithar. Subbarama Dikshitar stayed with Chinnaswami Mudaliar for a considerable period of time and taught him intricacies of carnatic music. But due to failing eye sight he could not complete his work and requested Subbarama Dheekshithar to write a book on Muthuswami Dikshitar compositions.


Due to Chinnaswami Mudaliar's persistence and influence of Ettayapuram king, Subbarama Dheekshithar, by then over 60 years of age, worked on his magnamopus for four years. But before the book was printed Subbarama Dheekshithar died at a relatively young age of 67. His plans of publishing many compositions of Thyagaraja, Shyama Shastri and Kshetragna remained incomplete.


Sangita Sampradaya Pradarshini is printed in two vilumes and extends to about 1700 pages. It comprises 76 biographies of persons from Sarngadeva to those of Subbarama Dikshitar himself. Two sections are devoted to the science of music (Sangita-lakshana-prachina paddhati and Sangita-lakshana-sangraha). There is an exhaustive tabular statement of raga-s, raganga-s, upanga-s and bhashanga-s with their murcchana-s; a detailed descriptive guide in Telugu and Tamil to the gamaka-signs employed in the notations of the songs in the book and tala-signs. The main text of the work gives the 72 Mela-s and all their Janya-s with their raga-lakshana-s, explanation of their special characteristics, their lakshana-gita-s, sanchari-s and illustrative compositions; and supplements giving ragamalika-s and pieces of other composers who had lived in the previous three centuries, including 170 gita-s of Venkatamakhin, about 229 kriti-s of Muttuswami Dikshitar.



Genre Carnatic: Krithi, Varna, Svarajati, Ragamalika

Languages used: Telugu


Compositions:


Chakrakhanditanajkara Udayaravichandrika Dhruva Lakshyagita

Devi divyanama Mechabauli Rupaka Krithi

Emanipogadura Paras Tisra Eka Daru

Enamma nannu Maruva/Mareva Adi Krithi

Enta ninne Khamas Tisra Eka Padavarna

Indendu vacchitura Begada Misra Eka Krithi

Inta modi Darbar Ata Krithi

Kamtimati Karunamitra Mecha Kalyani Rupaka Krithi Kanchikamakoti Kamavardhini Ata Varna

Mamohalahari Khamas Rupaka Swarajati

Mannaru ranga Nagagandhari Rupaka Krithi

Parashakthi Sankarabharanam Rupaka Krithi

Parikkani Mecha Kalyani Tisra Eka Krithi

Sami entani Surutti Adi Krithi

Samini mahimalu Bhairavi Tisra Eka Krithi

Sankanana sambhave Sriranjini Adi Krithi

Sankaracharyam Sankarabharanam Adi Krithi

Sareku Anandabhairavi Adi Varna

Sri Kanchikamakshi Kasiramakriya Ata Krithi

Sri karadini Yadukulakambhoji Adi Daru

Sri Rajadhiraja Balahamsa Ata Krithi

Sri rajaraja Ataana Adi Varnam

Sri sivaramasramul Bhairavi Rupaka Krithi

Sri Vallipathe Nagasvaravali Eka Krithi

Tripurasundari Nattakurinji Rupaka Krithi

Vanajakshi Sahana Ata Varnam

Yema ninnu Mukhari Adi Krithi